hCaptcha 图像识别模拟点击(Selenium)
这篇教程用 Selenium 4 打开 hCaptcha 的演示页,在真实浏览器里完成九宫格图片题:读出题目和 9 张图片,交给 hCaptcha 图像识别(HCaptchaClassification)判断哪些是目标,再模拟点击。
hCaptcha 还有“点击指定位置”“拖动”等题型,它们返回坐标而不是格子,处理方法见 hCaptcha 图像识别。不想写代码可以直接用 浏览器插件,这些题型插件都支持。
pip install requests seleniumexport YESCAPTCHA_CLIENT_KEY=你的clientKey- 点复选框。 复选框在地址带
frame=checkbox的 hCaptcha iframe 里,切换进去点#checkbox。 - 切到题目的 iframe。 题目在地址带
frame=challenge的 iframe 里。 - 读题目。
.prompt-text的文字就是题目,原样传给接口(建议把 hCaptcha 的界面语言切成简体中文或英文)。题目旁边有示例小图的,把小图也放进anchors。 - 取图片。 每个格子
.task-image .image的背景图就是一张小图,按顺序下载、转成 Base64,组成queries列表。 - 识别。 调用
createTask,类型HCaptchaClassification。返回的objects和格子一一对应,true的是目标。 - 点击并提交。 点击是目标的格子,点提交按钮。可能会连续出几轮,重复第 3 到 6 步。
- 完成。 通过后,页面上
h-captcha-response字段里就有 token,随表单一起提交。
"""Click through an hCaptcha 3x3 image challenge with Selenium 4 and HCaptchaClassification.
Flow: open the page -> click the checkbox -> read the question and the 9 images ->ask YesCaptcha which images match -> click them -> submit. Repeat while new rounds appear.
Run: pip install requests selenium export YESCAPTCHA_CLIENT_KEY=your_client_key python hcaptcha_click_selenium.pyEach recognized round is charged (see the price list; rounds with no target found are free).hCaptcha changes its page structure often; adjust the selectors below if a step stops working.Click and drag questions return coordinates instead; see the HCaptchaClassification page."""import base64import osimport reimport time
import requestsfrom selenium import webdriverfrom selenium.webdriver.common.by import Byfrom selenium.webdriver.support import expected_conditions as ECfrom selenium.webdriver.support.wait import WebDriverWait
CLIENT_KEY = os.environ["YESCAPTCHA_CLIENT_KEY"]PAGE_URL = "https://accounts.hcaptcha.com/demo"
def classify(question, images_b64): task = {"type": "HCaptchaClassification", "question": question, "queries": images_b64} data = requests.post( "https://api.yescaptcha.com/createTask", json={"clientKey": CLIENT_KEY, "task": task}, timeout=60, ).json() if data.get("errorId"): raise RuntimeError(f"{data.get('errorCode')}: {data.get('errorDescription')}") return data["solution"] # synchronous
def background_image_b64(element): """The tiles are <div>s with a CSS background image; download it and Base64-encode it.""" style = element.get_attribute("style") or "" match = re.search(r'url\("?(.*?)"?\)', style) if not match: return None return base64.b64encode(requests.get(match.group(1), timeout=30).content).decode()
driver = webdriver.Chrome()wait = WebDriverWait(driver, 15)try: driver.get(PAGE_URL)
# 1. Click the checkbox (inside the first hCaptcha iframe) wait.until(EC.frame_to_be_available_and_switch_to_it( (By.CSS_SELECTOR, 'iframe[src*="hcaptcha"][src*="frame=checkbox"]'))) wait.until(EC.element_to_be_clickable((By.ID, "checkbox"))).click() driver.switch_to.default_content()
# 2. Solve rounds in the challenge iframe wait.until(EC.frame_to_be_available_and_switch_to_it( (By.CSS_SELECTOR, 'iframe[src*="hcaptcha"][src*="frame=challenge"]'))) for _ in range(5): question = wait.until(EC.presence_of_element_located((By.CSS_SELECTOR, ".prompt-text"))).text.strip() tiles = driver.find_elements(By.CSS_SELECTOR, ".task-image") images = [background_image_b64(t.find_element(By.CSS_SELECTOR, ".image")) for t in tiles] if not tiles or None in images: print("not a 3x3 image challenge; see the docs for click/drag questions") break solution = classify(question, images) for tile, hit in zip(tiles, solution.get("objects", [])): if hit: tile.click() time.sleep(0.3) driver.find_element(By.CSS_SELECTOR, ".button-submit").click() time.sleep(3) if not driver.find_elements(By.CSS_SELECTOR, ".task-image"): break
driver.switch_to.default_content() token = driver.find_element(By.NAME, "h-captcha-response").get_attribute("value") print("token received" if token else "not passed")finally: driver.quit()- hCaptcha 的页面结构经常变化,代码里的选择器失效时要按实际页面调整。
- 每轮识别扣点;没有识别出目标的不扣点。点击后验证失败的可以在 1 小时内 上报,申请返点。
- 遇到新题目返回
ERROR_UNKNOWN_QUESTION时,可以刷新换一题,或者联系客服。